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  2. Change and continuity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change_and_continuity

    Change and continuity is a classic dichotomy within the fields of history, historical sociology, and the social sciences more broadly. The question of change and continuity is considered a classic discussion in the study of historical developments. [ 1 ]

  3. Germ plasm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ_plasm

    The term Keimplasma (germ plasm) was first used by the German biologist, August Weismann (1834–1914), and described in his 1892 book Das Keimplasma: eine Theorie der Vererbung (The Germ Plasm: a theory of inheritance). [1]

  4. Phylogenetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylogenetics

    In biology, phylogenetics (/ ˌ f aɪ l oʊ dʒ ə ˈ n ɛ t ɪ k s,-l ə-/) [1] [2] [3] is the study of the evolutionary history of life using genetics, which is known as phylogenetic inference. It establishes the relationship between organisms with the empirical data and observed heritable traits of DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences ...

  5. Continuity thesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuity_thesis

    In the history of ideas, the continuity thesis is the hypothesis that there was no radical discontinuity between the intellectual development of the Middle Ages and the developments in the Renaissance and early modern period. Thus the idea of an intellectual or scientific revolution following the Renaissance is, according to the continuity ...

  6. Critical juncture theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_juncture_theory

    Gellner contrasts the neo-episodic model of change to an evolutionary model that portrays "the pattern of Western history" as a process of "continuous and sustained and mainly endogenous upward growth." [14] Sociologist Michael Mann adapted Gellner's idea of "'episodes' of major structural transformation" and called such episodes "power jumps ...

  7. Evolutionary taxonomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_taxonomy

    Evolutionary taxonomy, evolutionary systematics or Darwinian classification is a branch of biological classification that seeks to classify organisms using a combination of phylogenetic relationship (shared descent), progenitor-descendant relationship (serial descent), and degree of evolutionary change.

  8. Discontinuity (Postmodernism) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discontinuity_(Postmodernism)

    Discontinuity and continuity according to Michel Foucault reflect the flow of history and the fact that some "things are no longer perceived, described, expressed, characterised, classified, and known in the same way" from one era to the next. (1994).

  9. Evolution of biological complexity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_biological...

    The evolution of biological complexity is one important outcome of the process of evolution. [1] Evolution has produced some remarkably complex organisms – although the actual level of complexity is very hard to define or measure accurately in biology, with properties such as gene content, the number of cell types or morphology all proposed as possible metrics.