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Vicarious trauma, conceptually based in constructivism, [12] [13] [14] arises from interaction between individuals and their situations. A helper's personal history (including prior traumatic experiences), coping strategies, support network, and other things interact with his or her situation (including work setting, nature of the work, and clientele served) and may trigger vicarious trauma.
Research on vicarious trauma has focused on how mental health providers, medical workers, and first responders respond to the trauma they hear about in their everyday work experiences. [6] [7] While the person does not directly experience the trauma, they have symptoms like an individual diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder. [6]
Vicarious (company), an artificial intelligence company Vicarious Visions, a video game developer; Vicarious problem-solving, a rational approach to economic theory; Vicarious traumatization, transformation in the self of a trauma worker or helper that results from empathic engagement with traumatized clients and their reports of traumatic experiences.
Vicarious embarrassment (also known as secondhand, empathetic, or third-party embarrassment and also as Spanish shame [1] [2] or Fremdschämen in German [3] [4]) is the feeling of embarrassment from observing the embarrassing actions of another person. Unlike general embarrassment, vicarious embarrassment is not the feelings of embarrassment ...
Secondary trauma is often used interchangeably with several terms that have similar meanings including compassion fatigue, vicarious trauma, [13] second victim syndrome, and job burnout. [6] Although there is an overlap in terminology, there are nuanced differences.
Historical trauma or collective trauma refers to the cumulative emotional harm of an individual or generation caused by a traumatic experience or event. According to its advocates, collective trauma evokes a variety of responses, most prominently through substance abuse , which is used as a vehicle for attempting to numb pain.
These people may develop symptoms of depression, stress, and trauma. Those who are primary care providers for patients with terminal illnesses are at a higher risk of developing these symptoms. In the medical profession, this is often described as "burnout": the more specific terms secondary traumatic stress and vicarious trauma are also used.
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