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A phase margin of 60 degrees is also a magic number because it allows for the fastest settling time when attempting to follow a voltage step input (a Butterworth design). An amplifier with lower phase margin will ring [nb 1] for longer and an amplifier with more phase margin will take a longer time to rise to the voltage step's final level.
Figures 8 and 9 illustrate the gain margin and phase margin for a different amount of feedback β. The feedback factor is chosen smaller than in Figure 6 or 7, moving the condition | β A OL | = 1 to lower frequency. In this example, 1 / β = 77 dB, and at low frequencies A FB ≈ 77 dB as well. Figure 8 shows the gain plot.
Timing Margin Illustration. In this image, the lower signal is the clock and the upper signal is the data. Data is recognized by the circuit at the positive edge of the clock. There are two time intervals illustrated in this image. One is the setup time, and the other is the timing margin. The setup time is illustrated in red in this image; the ...
The result is a phase margin of ≈ 45°, depending on the proximity of still higher poles. [ b ] This margin is sufficient to prevent oscillation in the most commonly used feedback configurations. In addition, dominant-pole compensation allows control of overshoot and ringing in the amplifier step response , which can be a more demanding ...
Figure 5: Bode gain plot to find phase margin; scales are logarithmic, so labeled separations are multiplicative factors. For example, f 0 dB = βA 0 × f 1. Next, the choice of pole ratio τ 1 /τ 2 is related to the phase margin of the feedback amplifier. [9] The procedure outlined in the Bode plot article is followed. Figure 5 is the Bode ...
Phase margin and gain margin; Nyquist plot; In telecommunications, the term "loop gain" can refer to the total usable power gain of a carrier terminal or two-wire repeater. The maximum usable gain is determined by, and may not exceed, the losses in the closed path. Summary of negative feedback amplifier terms
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The Q factor is a parameter that describes the resonance behavior of an underdamped harmonic oscillator (resonator). Sinusoidally driven resonators having higher Q factors resonate with greater amplitudes (at the resonant frequency) but have a smaller range of frequencies around that frequency for which they resonate; the range of frequencies for which the oscillator resonates is called the ...