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The fennec fox (Vulpes zerda) is a small fox native to the deserts of North Africa, ranging from Western Sahara and Mauritania to the Sinai Peninsula. Its most distinctive feature is its unusually large ears, which serve to dissipate heat and listen for underground prey.
Vulpes is a genus of the sub-family Caninae.The members of this genus are colloquially referred to as true foxes, meaning they form a proper clade.The word "fox" occurs in the common names of all species of the genus, but also appears in the common names of other canid species.
In the largest species, the red fox, males weigh between 4.1 and 8.7 kg (9.0 and 19.2 lb), [7] while the smallest species, the fennec fox, weighs just 0.7 to 1.6 kg (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 to 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 lb). [8] Fox features typically include a triangular face, pointed ears, an elongated rostrum, and a bushy tail.
The fennec fox's large ears help keep it cool: when the blood vessels dilate, blood from the body cycles in and dissipates over the expanded surface area. [1]A xerocole (from Greek xēros / ˈ z ɪ r oʊ s / 'dry' and Latin col(ere) 'to inhabit'), [2] [3] [4] is a general term referring to any animal that is adapted to live in a desert.
The bat referred to in its colloquial name is possibly the Egyptian slit-faced bat (Nycteris thebaica), which is abundant in the region and has very large ears. Other vernacular names include big-eared fox, black-eared fox, long-eared fox, Delalande's fox, cape fox, and motlosi. It is named for its large ears, which have a role in thermoregulation.
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The Cape fox (Vulpes chama), also called the asse, cama fox or the silver-backed fox, is a small species of fox, native to southern Africa. [2] It is also called a South African version of a fennec fox due to its similarly big ears.
Vulpini is a taxonomic rank which represents the fox-like tribe of the subfamily Caninae (the canines), and is sister to the dog-like tribe Canini. [2] It comprises the 15 extant and 21 extinct species found on all continents .