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Conventionally, a leukocytosis exceeding 50,000 WBC/mm 3 with a significant increase in early neutrophil precursors is referred to as a leukemoid reaction. [2] The peripheral blood smear may show myelocytes, metamyelocytes, promyelocytes, and rarely myeloblasts; however, there is a mixture of early mature neutrophil precursors, in contrast to the immature forms typically seen in acute leukemia.
The white blood cell differential is a common blood test that is often ordered alongside a complete blood count.The test may be performed as part of a routine medical examination; to investigate certain symptoms, particularly those suggestive of infection or hematological disorders; [5] [6] or to monitor existing conditions, such as blood disorders and inflammatory diseases.
The total white blood cell count is usually reported in cells per microlitre of blood (/μL) or 10 9 cells per litre (× 10 9 /L). [4] In the white blood cell differential, the different types of white blood cells are identified and counted. The results are reported as a percentage and as an absolute number per unit volume.
An excess of white blood cells is usually due to infection or inflammation. Less commonly, a high white blood cell count could indicate certain blood cancers or bone marrow disorders. The number of leukocytes in the blood is often an indicator of disease, and thus the white blood cell count is an important subset of the complete blood count.
Agranulocytosis, also known as agranulosis or granulopenia, is an acute condition involving a severe and dangerous lowered white blood cell count (leukopenia, most commonly of neutrophils) and thus causing neutropenia in the circulating blood. [1] It is a severe lack of one major class of infection-fighting white
The clinical signs and symptoms of leukostasis are non-specific but should be suspected in susceptible individuals with leukemia, a high white blood cell count (e.g., over 100,000), and new-onset neurologic or respiratory signs or symptoms. Rales may be heard when listening to the lungs with a stethoscope. [6]
Leukocytosis is a condition in which the white cell count is above the normal range in the blood. [1] [2] It is frequently a sign of an inflammatory response, [3] most commonly the result of infection, but may also occur following certain parasitic infections or bone tumors as well as leukemia.
The anticonvulsant drug, lamotrigine, has been associated with a decrease in white blood cell count. [2] The FDA monograph for metronidazole states that this medication can also cause leukopenia, and the prescriber information suggests a complete blood count, including differential cell count, before and after, in particular, high-dose therapy. [3]