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The first law of thermodynamics is a version of the law of conservation of energy, adapted for thermodynamic processes. In general, the conservation law states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant; energy can be transformed from one form to another, but can be neither created nor destroyed.
As a rule of thumb, the ideal gas law is reasonably accurate up to a pressure of about 2 atm, and even higher for small non-associating molecules. For example, methyl chloride , a highly polar molecule and therefore with significant intermolecular forces, the experimental value for the compressibility factor is Z = 0.9152 {\displaystyle Z=0. ...
For quasi-static and reversible processes, the first law of thermodynamics is: d U = δ Q − δ W {\displaystyle dU=\delta Q-\delta W} where δQ is the heat supplied to the system and δW is the work done by the system.
where there are n chemical constituents of the system and permeably connected surrounding subsystems, and where T, S, P, V, N j, and μ j, are defined as above. [97] For a general natural process, there is no immediate term-wise correspondence between equations and , because they describe the process in different conceptual frames.
The zeroth law is of importance in thermometry, because it implies the existence of temperature scales. In practice, C is a thermometer, and the zeroth law says that systems that are in thermodynamic equilibrium with each other have the same temperature. The law was actually the last of the laws to be formulated. First law of thermodynamics
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The first law of thermodynamics is essentially a definition of heat, i.e. heat is the change in the internal energy of a system that is not caused by a change of the external parameters of the system. However, the second law of thermodynamics is not a defining relation for the entropy.
Graham's law: Thermodynamics: Thomas Graham: Green's law: Fluid dynamics: George Green: Grimm's law: Linguistics: Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm: Gustafson's law: Computer science: John L. Gustafson: Heisenberg's uncertainty principle: Theoretical physics: Werner Heisenberg: Haüy's law of rational indices Haüy's law of symmetry: Crystallography ...