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Water vapor can also be indirect evidence supporting the presence of extraterrestrial liquid water in the case of some planetary mass objects. Water vapor, which reacts to temperature changes, is referred to as a 'feedback', because it amplifies the effect of forces that initially cause the warming. So, it is a greenhouse gas. [2]
He also stated that the changes of liquid level from day to day are caused by the variation of atmospheric pressure. The empty space in the tube is called the Torricellian vacuum. [3] 760 mmHg = 1 atm; 1 atm = 1 013 mbar or hPa; 1 mbar or hPa = 0.7502467 mmHg; 1 pascal = 1 Newton per square metre (SI unit) 1 hectopascal is 100 pascals
The surfaces of mineral particles inside deep-ocean hydrothermal vents have catalytic properties similar to those of enzymes and can create simple organic molecules, such as methanol (CH 3 OH) and formic, acetic, and pyruvic acids out of the dissolved CO 2 in the water, if driven by an applied voltage or by reaction with H 2 or H 2 S. [222] [223]
Models of Solar System objects indicate the presence of liquid water in their internal differentiation. Some models of the dwarf planet Ceres, largest object in the asteroid belt indicate the possibility of a wet interior layer. Water vapor detected to be emitted by the dwarf planet [66] [67] may be an indicator, through sublimation of surface ice.
For example, UV-photolysis of water vapor with carbon monoxide was found to yield various alcohols, aldehydes, and organic acids. [51] In the 1970s, Carl Sagan used Miller-Urey-type reactions to synthesize and experiment with complex organic particles dubbed " tholins ", which likely resemble particles formed in hazy atmospheres like that of ...
* density implies water in atmosphere, but none found yet * Possible class II ("water cloud") or class III ("clear") atmosphere planet [12] Gliese 581 c [citation needed] Gliese 581: 5.5 700–1000 20 7–11 12.9 2007 * Not in the CHZ * Possibly not rocky * Water may be present as solid or vapour rather than liquid. [13] Gliese 667 Cc: Gliese ...
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The water returns to the ground at lower latitudes as deposits of frost or snow mixed generously with dust. The atmosphere of Mars contains a great deal of fine dust particles. [51] Water vapor condenses on the particles, then they fall down to the ground due to the additional weight of the water coating.