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The main feature of Behçet's disease is aphthous-like ulceration, but this is usually more severe than seen in aphthous stomatitis without a systemic cause, and typically resembles major or herpetiforme ulceration or both. [7] [16] Aphthous-like ulceration is the first sign of the disease in 25–75% of cases. [6]
Diagramatic representation of mucosal erosion (left), excoriation (center), and ulceration (right) Simplistic representation of the life cycle of mouth ulcers. An ulcer (/ ˈ ʌ l s ər /; from Latin ulcus, "ulcer, sore") [2] is a break in the skin or mucous membrane with loss of surface tissue and the disintegration and necrosis of epithelial tissue. [3]
Peptic ulcer disease is when the inner part of the stomach's gastric mucosa (lining of the stomach), the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus, gets damaged. An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer , while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer . [ 1 ]
Aphtha is the name of several diseases or conditions that cause white discoloration to the mouth, including: Candidiasis (or "thrush"), a yeast infection of the mouth; Oral ulcer, an open sore in the mouth; Aphthous ulcer (or "canker"), an open sore in the mucous membrane of the mouth
Bednar's aphthae is a type of oral ulceration (mouth ulcers) which occurs in infants. The lesions are located on the palate and are caused by trauma. No treatment is required since the lesions heal within a few days. [1] The condition was first described in 1850, by the Austrian physician Alois Bednar (1816-1888).
The two most common oral manifestations are aphthous stomatitis and angular cheilitis. [31] Aphthous stomatitis is characterized by ulcers in the mouth, which are benign, noncontagious and often recurrent. Angular chelitis is characterized by redness at the corners of the mouth, which may include painful sores or breaks in the skin. [31]
An aphthous ulcer which has formed on the uvula can also cause swelling and discomfort. [11] If the swelling is caused by dehydration, drinking fluids may improve the condition. If the cause is a bacterial infection, gargling salt water may help. However, it can also be a sign of other problems.
Behçet's disease causes ulcers in the terminal ileum and ileocecal valve. The ulcers may be aphthous or have a classic punched out appearance with undermining. Linear and fissuring ulcers up to 5 cm may be present. Biopsies show vasculitis (phlebitis or venulitis) with a neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate.