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The wall survived during much of the Byzantine period, even though it was replaced by the Theodosian Walls as the city's primary defense. An ambiguous passage refers to extensive damage to the city's "inner wall" from an earthquake on 25 September 478, which likely refers to the Constantinian wall.
Even the walls of Constantinople which have been described as "the most famous and complicated system of defence in the civilized world," [14] could not match up to a major Chinese city wall. [15] Had both the outer and inner walls of Constantinople been combined they would have only reached roughly a bit more than a third the width of a major ...
Map of the regions of Byzantine Constantinople. The ancient city of Constantinople was divided into 14 administrative regions (Latin: regiones, Greek: συνοικιες, romanized: synoikies). The system of fourteen regiones was modelled on the fourteen regiones of Rome, a system introduced by the first Roman emperor Augustus in the 1st ...
The city had about 20 km of walls (land walls: 5.5 km; sea walls along the Golden Horn: 7 km; sea walls along the Sea of Marmara: 7.5 km), one of the strongest sets of fortified walls in existence. The walls had recently been repaired (under John VIII ) and were in fairly good shape, giving the defenders sufficient reason to believe that they ...
The city became famous for its architectural masterpieces, such as Hagia Sophia, the cathedral of the Eastern Orthodox Church, which served as the seat of the Ecumenical Patriarchate; the sacred Imperial Palace, where the emperors lived; the Hippodrome; the Golden Gate of the Land Walls; and opulent aristocratic palaces.
The military events of the 7th century accustomed the inhabitants of Constantinople to be ready for frequent sieges. The inhabitants of Constantinople kept the city walls in good condition, made sure that the granaries were filled with grain and the cisterns with fresh water. The "spiritual defense" of the capital was also important.
The Forum of Constantine (Greek: Φόρος Κωνσταντίνου, romanized: Fóros Konstantínou; Latin: Forum Constantini) was built at the foundation of Constantinople immediately outside the old city walls of Byzantium. It marked the centre of the new city, and was a central point along the Mese, the main ceremonial road through the ...
The Reconquest of Constantinople was the recapture of the city of Constantinople in 1261 AD by the forces led by Alexios Strategopoulos of the Empire of Nicaea from Latin occupation, leading to the re-establishment of the Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty, after an interval of 57 years where the city had been made the capital of the occupying Latin Empire that had been installed ...