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The term tractive effort is often qualified as starting tractive effort, continuous tractive effort and maximum tractive effort.These terms apply to different operating conditions, but are related by common mechanical factors: input torque to the driving wheels, the wheel diameter, coefficient of friction (μ) between the driving wheels and supporting surface, and the weight applied to the ...
Traction can also refer to the maximum tractive force between a body and a surface, as limited by available friction; when this is the case, traction is often expressed as the ratio of the maximum tractive force to the normal force and is termed the coefficient of traction (similar to coefficient of friction).
Drawbar pull is the difference between tractive effort available and tractive effort required to overcome resistance at a specified speed. Drawbar pull data for a vehicle is usually determined by measuring the amount of available tractive force using a dynamometer , and then combining that data with coastdown [ 1 ] data to obtain the available ...
Laban effort graph with effort elements labeled. Effort, or what Laban sometimes described as dynamics, is a system for understanding the more subtle characteristics about movement with respect to inner intention. The difference between punching someone in anger and reaching for a glass is slight in terms of body organization – both rely on ...
Stevens' power law is an empirical relationship in psychophysics between an increased intensity or strength in a physical stimulus and the perceived magnitude increase in the sensation created by the stimulus.
Feature integration theory is a theory of attention developed in 1980 by Anne Treisman and Garry Gelade that suggests that when perceiving a stimulus, features are "registered early, automatically, and in parallel, while objects are identified separately" and at a later stage in processing.
The sign of a path in a graph is the product of the signs of its edges. They considered cycles in a signed graph representing a social network. A balanced signed graph has only cycles of positive sign. Harary proved that a balanced graph is polarized, that is, it decomposes into two entirely positive subgraphs that are joined by negative edges. [7]
Effort justification is an idea and paradigm in social psychology stemming from Leon Festinger's theory of cognitive dissonance. [1] Effort justification is a person's tendency to attribute the value of an outcome they put effort into achieving as greater than the objective value of the outcome.