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In 1809 the first declarations of independence from Spanish rule occurred in the Viceroyalty of Peru. The first two were in Upper Peru, present-day Bolivia, at Charcas (present day Sucre, 25 May), and La Paz (16 July); and the third in present-day Ecuador at Quito (10 August).
The first major territory Spain was to lose in the 19th century was the vast Louisiana Territory, which had few European settlers. It stretched north to Canada and was ceded by France in 1763 under the terms of the Treaty of Fontainebleau .
The history of Spain dates to contact between the pre-Roman peoples of the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula with the Greeks and Phoenicians.During Classical Antiquity, the peninsula was the site of multiple successive colonizations of Greeks, Carthaginians, and Romans.
1585: Roanoke Colony founded by English on Roanoke Island, North Carolina, failed in 1587; 1598: Failed French settlement on Sable Island off Nova Scotia. 1598: Spanish settlement in Northern New Mexico. 1600: By 1600 Spain and Portugal were still the only significant colonial powers.
Spanish Florida (Spanish: La Florida) was the first major European land-claim and attempted settlement-area in northern America during the European Age of Discovery. La Florida formed part of the Captaincy General of Cuba in the Viceroyalty of New Spain, and the Spanish Empire during Spanish colonization of the Americas.
Spanish America in 1800, with four kingdoms: New Spain, New Granada, Peru and La Plata The Spanish Empire (yellow) in 1800 Spanish America refers to the Spanish territories in the Americas during the Spanish colonization of the Americas.
Don Antonio de Mendoza, first viceroy of New Spain, who set many lasting policies during his term José de Gálvez (1720–1787), Visitador generál in New Spain and later member of the Council of the Indies, who implemented the Bourbon reforms. The institutional history of Spain's and Portugal's overseas empires was an early focus of ...
After a long colonial dispute between Spain, and to avoid insurgency in this disputed territory, the Portuguese government organized an Army to defend the city of Montevideo against the revolutionaries (1811) and to annex the disputed territory of Banda Oriental against Spain (1816). In 1811, the first Portuguese invasion took place in support ...