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Sino-Korean words constitute a large portion of South Korean vocabulary, the remainder being native Korean words and loanwords from other languages, such as Japanese and English to a lesser extent. Sino-Korean words are typically used in formal or literary contexts, [ 5 ] and to express abstract or complex ideas.
Sino-Vietnamese has added allophonic distinctions to -ng and -k, based on whether the preceding vowel is front (-nh, -ch) or back (-ng, -c). Although Old Korean had a /t/ coda, words with the Middle Chinese coda /t/ have /l/ in Sino-Korean, reflecting a northern variety of Late Middle Chinese in which final /t/ had weakened to /r/. [34] [35]
Etymology of Sino-Korean words are reflected in Hanja. [5] Hanja were once used to write native Korean words, in a variety of systems collectively known as idu, but by the 20th century Koreans used hanja only for writing Sino-Korean words, while writing native vocabulary and loanwords from other languages in Hangul, a system known as mixed ...
For instance, 15 would be sib-o (십오; 十五), but not usually il-sib-o in the Sino-Korean system, and yeol-daseot (열다섯) in native Korean. Twenty through ninety are likewise represented in this place-holding manner in the Sino-Korean system, while Native Korean has its own unique set of words, as can be seen in the chart below.
Leaves (namunnip 나뭇잎) are counted using this count word. In this way, a particular count word may be used generally in a very open-ended manner and up to the construal or creativity of the speaker. There are two systems of numerals in Korean: native Korean and Sino-Korean. Native Korean numerals are used with most counter words, and ...
Some words experience tensification of initial plain consonants, in both native and Sino-Korean words. It is proscribed in normative Standard Korean, but may be widespread or occur in free variation in certain words. [36] Examples: 가시 /kasi/ "1) thorn; 2) worm" is pronounced 까시 /k͈asi/
The Sino-Korean words thay and phyeng are written with the corresponding Chinese characters (DAL). The native Korean word nala is written with a Chinese character having the same meaning (SAL). The Korean affixes -ho-ms are spelled out using characters whose Sino-Korean reading contain those sounds (PAP).
Sino-Korean may refer to: Sino-Korean vocabulary, Korean vocabulary composed of morphemes of Chinese origin; People's Republic of China–North Korea relations; People's Republic of China–South Korea relations; Republic of China–South Korea relations; Chinese people in Korea (also known Hwagyo) Koreans in China (also known as Joseonjok or ...