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German physicist Heinrich Hertz first demonstrated the existence of radio waves in 1887 using what we now know as a dipole antenna (with capacitative end-loading). On the other hand, Guglielmo Marconi empirically found that he could just ground the transmitter (or one side of a transmission line, if used) dispensing with one half of the antenna, thus realizing the vertical or monopole antenna.
When the two arms of a dipole are individually straight, but bent towards each other in a 'V' shape, at an angle visibly less than 180°, the dipole is called a 'V' antenna, and when the dipole's far ends are staked closer to the ground than the center, it is called an inverted-'V' antenna. The inverted-'V' is popular since it provides some of ...
The monopole antenna is essentially one half of the half-wave dipole, a single 1 / 4 wavelength element with the other side connected to ground or an equivalent ground plane (or counterpoise). Monopoles, which are one-half the size of a dipole, are common for long-wavelength radio signals where a dipole would be impractically large.
A coaxial antenna (often known as a coaxial dipole) is a particular form of a half-wave dipole antenna, most often employed as a vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna. History [ edit ]
The HB9XBG antenna is a vertical dipole antenna for short wave radio amateurs. It was developed by the Swiss radio amateur Walter Kägi, whose call sign HB9XBG is also the designation of the antenna. [1] During the test phase in 2020, HB9XBG built two vertical dipoles – one for the 20-metre amateur radio band and another for the 40-metre band.
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The distribution of current along the two arms of a halo antenna is similar to the currents along the two arms (also a quarter wavelength long) of a half-wave dipole (see the animation there), being largest at the feedpoint and dropping to zero at the ends (the gap in the case of the halo). On the other hand, a small loop has a current which is ...
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