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Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT, typically pronounced as the word "act") is a form of psychotherapy, as well as a branch of clinical behavior analysis. [1] It is an empirically-based psychological intervention that uses acceptance and mindfulness strategies [2] along with commitment and behavior-change strategies to increase psychological flexibility.
Mindfulness-based treatment approaches: clinician's guide to evidence base and applications, by Ruth A. Baer. Academic Press, 2006. ISBN 0-12-088519-0. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Anxious Children: A Manual for Treating Childhood Anxiety, by Randye Semple, Jennifer Lee. New Harbinger Pubns Inc, 2010.
Research contends, "Mindfulness-based approaches for adults are effective at enhancing mental health, but few controlled trials have evaluated their effectiveness among young people". [183] Although much of the available studies find a high number of mindfulness acceptability among students and teachers, more research needs to be conducted on ...
A study compared CBT alone with a mindfulness-based therapy combined with CBT, both delivered via an app. It found that mindfulness-based self-help reduced the severity of depression more than CBT self-help in the short-term. Overall, NHS costs for the mindfulness approach were £500 less per person than for CBT. [221] [222]
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is an evidence-based [1] psychotherapy that began with efforts to treat personality disorders and interpersonal conflicts. [1] Evidence suggests that DBT can be useful in treating mood disorders and suicidal ideation as well as for changing behavioral patterns such as self-harm and substance use. [2]
Mindfulness has been defined in modern psychological terms as "paying attention to relevant aspects of experience in a nonjudgmental manner", [1] and maintaining attention on present moment experience with an attitude of openness and acceptance. [2] Meditation is a platform used to achieve mindfulness.
Buddhist mindfulness practices in conjunction with functional contextualism deeply influenced the formation of ACT and its concept of self-as-context. [4] The approach was originally called comprehensive distancing [5] and was developed in the late 1980s [6] by Steven C. Hayes, Kelly G. Wilson, and Kirk D. Strosahl.
The "bare attention" propagated in the New Burmese Method has been popularized as mindfulness, starting with Jon Kabat Zinn's mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), developed in the late 1970s, and continuing in applications such as mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and mindfulness-based pain management (MBPM).