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The Bertrand paradox is a problem within the classical interpretation of probability theory. Joseph Bertrand introduced it in his work Calcul des probabilités (1889) [1] as an example to show that the principle of indifference may not produce definite, well-defined results for probabilities if it is applied uncritically when the domain of possibilities is infinite.
The paradox starts with three boxes, the contents of which are initially unknown. Bertrand's box paradox is a veridical paradox in elementary probability theory. It was first posed by Joseph Bertrand in his 1889 work Calcul des Probabilités. There are three boxes: a box containing two gold coins, a box containing two silver coins,
Bertrand's box paradox This page was last edited on 29 October 2024, at 02:04 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution ...
Some reasons the Bertrand paradox do not strictly apply: Capacity constraints. Sometimes firms do not have enough capacity to satisfy all demand. This was a point first raised by Francis Edgeworth [5] and gave rise to the Bertrand–Edgeworth model. Integer pricing. Prices higher than MC are ruled out because one firm can undercut another by an ...
This paradox is often incorrectly attributed to Bertrand Russell (e.g., by Martin Gardner in Aha!). It was suggested to Russell as an alternative form of Russell's paradox, [1] which Russell had devised to show that set theory as it was used by Georg Cantor and Gottlob Frege contained contradictions. However, Russell denied that the Barber's ...
Bertrand's box paradox: A paradox of conditional probability closely related to the Boy or Girl paradox. Bertrand's paradox: Different common-sense definitions of randomness give quite different results. Birthday paradox: In a random group of only 23 people, there is a better than 50/50 chance two of them have the same birthday.
In mathematical logic, Russell's paradox (also known as Russell's antinomy) is a set-theoretic paradox published by the British philosopher and mathematician, Bertrand Russell, in 1901. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Russell's paradox shows that every set theory that contains an unrestricted comprehension principle leads to contradictions. [ 3 ]
Berkson's paradox; Bertrand paradox (probability) Bertrand's box paradox; Birthday problem; Borel–Kolmogorov paradox; Boy or girl paradox; E. Ellsberg paradox ...