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Glucocorticoids function via interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor: [1] Upregulate the expression of anti-inflammatory proteins. Downregulate the expression of proinflammatory proteins. Glucocorticoids are also shown to play a role in the development and homeostasis of T lymphocytes. This has been shown in transgenic mice with either ...
Glucocorticoids such as cortisol affect carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, anti-proliferative, and vasoconstrictive effects. [2] Anti-inflammatory effects are mediated by blocking the action of inflammatory mediators ( transrepression ) and inducing anti-inflammatory mediators ...
Antiglucocorticoid drugs are a class of medications that act to reduce the effects of glucocorticoids, primarily cortisol, in the body. [1] They include direct glucocorticoid receptor antagonists such as mifepristone and synthesis inhibitors such as metyrapone, ketoconazole, and aminoglutethimide. They are used to treat Cushing's syndrome. [2]
Cushing's syndrome is a collection of signs and symptoms due to prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids such as cortisol. [4] [9] [10] Signs and symptoms may include high blood pressure, abdominal obesity but with thin arms and legs, reddish stretch marks, a round red face due to facial plethora, [11] a fat lump between the shoulders, weak muscles, weak bones, acne, and fragile skin that heals ...
Topical glucocorticoids are the topical forms of glucocorticoids. Topical glucocorticoids are used in the treatment of many skin conditions. They provide anti-inflammatory, antimitotic, and immune-system suppressing actions through various mechanisms. [1] Hydrocortisone cream is a type of topical glucocorticoid that is commonly found on the market.
Budesonide is an agonist of glucocorticoid receptors. Among its effects are: Controls the rate of protein synthesis. [45] Depresses the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and fibroblasts. [46] Reverses capillary permeability and lysosomal stabilization at the cellular level to prevent or control inflammation. [45]
Fluticasone propionate is a highly selective agonist at the glucocorticoid receptor with negligible activity at androgen, estrogen, or mineralocorticoid receptors, [4] thereby producing anti-inflammatory and vasoconstriction effects.
Prednisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. [36] [37] Prednisone is a prodrug; it is metabolised in the liver by 11-β-HSD to prednisolone, the active drug. Prednisone has no substantial biological effects until converted via hepatic metabolism to prednisolone. [38]