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Both reverse osmosis and electrodialysis (also called electrodialysis reversal) can remove arsenic with a net ionic charge. (Note that arsenic oxide, As 2 O 3 , is a common form of arsenic in groundwater that is soluble, but has no net charge.)
Reverse osmosis is a more economical way to concentrate liquids (such as fruit juices) than conventional heat-treatment. Concentration of orange and tomato juice has advantages including a lower operating cost and the ability to avoid heat-treatment, which makes it suitable for heat-sensitive substances such as protein and enzymes .
Particularly important are distillation (desalination of seawater) and reverse osmosis. Thermal Bringing water to its boiling point (about 100 °C or 212 F at sea level), is the oldest and most effective way since it eliminates most microbes causing intestinal disease, [ 19 ] but it cannot remove chemical toxins or impurities. [ 20 ]
Groundwater pollution may occur from human activity (e.g. on-site sanitation systems or mining) or might be naturally occurring (e.g. from arsenic in some regions of India and Bangladesh). Water collected as far upstream as possible above all known or anticipated risks of pollution poses the lowest risk of contamination and is best suited to ...
Sirshendu De is an Indian engineering scientist. He is a professor of the Department of Chemical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology in Kharagpur.Sirshendu De's research interests include membrane separations, transport processes and flow through micro-channels.
[14] [15] She identified that it was possible to remove arsenic from water using coagulation with ferric oxide and alum. [16] [17] Complete removal of Arsenic(V) oxide could be achieved after doses of 5 mg/L Ferric oxide. [18] She has also investigated reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes, as well as on manganite surfaces.
Groundwater pollution (also called groundwater contamination) occurs when pollutants are released to the ground and make their way into groundwater.This type of water pollution can also occur naturally due to the presence of a minor and unwanted constituent, contaminant, or impurity in the groundwater, in which case it is more likely referred to as contamination rather than pollution.
Arsenic is a common natural contaminant of well water and is highly carcinogenic. Iron oxide adsorption treatment for arsenic in groundwater is a commonly practiced removal process which involves the chemical treatment of arsenic species such that they adsorb onto iron oxides and create larger particles that may be filtered out of the water stream.