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The development of design methods has been closely associated with prescriptions for a systematic process of designing. These process models usually comprise a number of phases or stages, beginning with a statement or recognition of a problem or a need for a new design and culminating in a finalised solution proposal.
Stereolithography is a 3D-printing technique that uses photopolymerization to bind substrate that has been laid layer upon layer, creating a polymeric network. As opposed to fused-deposition modeling, where the extruded material hardens immediately to form layers, 4D printing is fundamentally based in stereolithography, where in most cases ultraviolet light is used to cure the layered ...
Double Diamond is the name of a design process model popularized by the British Design Council in 2005. [1] The process was adapted from the divergence-convergence model proposed in 1996 by Hungarian-American linguist Béla H. Bánáthy .
The 4D/RCS Reference Model Architecture is a reference model for military unmanned vehicles on how their software components should be identified and organized. The 4D/RCS has been developed by the Intelligent Systems Division (ISD) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) since the 1980s.
In 1997, 4D v6 was the first version of 4D to contain a fully integrated web server, allowing developers to translate 4D forms into HTML on the fly using only the 4D language. [ 12 ] In 2004, 4D 2004 was the first version of 4D to allow developers to create standalone, client/server, web and Service Oriented Applications (SOA) without changing ...
3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. [1] [2] [3] It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer control, [4] with the material being added together (such as plastics, liquids or powder grains being fused), typically layer by layer.
4d Chern–Simons theory is a 'master theory' for integrable systems, providing a framework that incorporates many integrable systems. Another theory which shares this feature, but with a Hamiltonian rather than Lagrangian description, is classical affine Gaudin models with a ' dihedral twist', [ 8 ] and the two theories have been shown to be ...
4D (software), a complete programming environment including database and web server 4D SAS, developers of 4D and Wakanda; 4D Inc, a US-based subsidiary of 4D SAS; 4D BIM, a term used in computer aided design; 4D printing; Cinema 4D, a commercial cross platform 3D graphics application; SGI IRIS 4D, a line of workstations from Silicon Graphics