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The main structure of chemical names according to IUPAC nomenclature. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has published four sets of rules to standardize chemical nomenclature. There are two main areas: IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry (Red Book) IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry (Blue Book)
The main purpose of chemical nomenclature is to disambiguate the spoken or written names of chemical compounds: each name should refer to one compound. Secondarily, each compound should have only one name, although in some cases some alternative names are accepted. Preferably, the name should also represent the structure or chemistry of a compound.
For relatively simple molecules they can be more easily understood than non-systematic names, which must be learnt or looked over. However, the common or trivial name is often substantially shorter and clearer, and so preferred. These non-systematic names are often derived from an original source of the compound.
The substituent name for a ring compound is cyclo. The indication (substituent name) for a six carbon chain is hex. The chemical ending for a single bonded carbon chain is ane. The chemical ending for an alcohol is ol. The two chemical endings are combined for an ending of anol indicating a single bonded carbon chain with an alcohol attached to it.
The names "caffeine" and "3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione" both signify the same chemical compound.The systematic name encodes the structure and composition of the caffeine molecule in some detail, and provides an unambiguous reference to this compound, whereas the name "caffeine" simply names it.
Although most compounds are referred to by their IUPAC systematic names (following IUPAC nomenclature), ...
Thus, the PIN is sometimes the retained name (e.g., phenol and acetic acid, instead of benzenol and ethanoic acid), while in other cases, the systematic name was chosen over a very common retained name (e.g., propan-2-one, instead of acetone). A preselected name is a preferred name chosen among two or more names for parent hydrides or other ...
A semisystematic name or semitrivial name is a name that has at least one systematic part and at least one trivial part, [1] [2] such as a chemical vernacular name. Creating systematic names can be as simple as assigning a prefix or a number to each object (in which case they are a type of numbering scheme), or as complex as encoding the ...