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a right to work no more than 48 hours per week, unless the member state enables individual opt-outs. It was issued as an update on earlier versions from 22 June 2000 and 23 November 1993. [ 1 ] Since excessive working time is cited as a major cause of stress, depression, and illness, the purpose of the directive is to protect people's health ...
Under the Directive, this is 48 hours. Although people in the United Kingdom work the longest hours on average in Europe, and among the longest in the developed world, highest work related stress and absentee rates, successive UK governments have remained sceptical about the maximum working week's merit.
The European Union's working time directive imposes a 48-hour maximum working week that applies to every member state except Malta (which have an opt-out, meaning that employees in Malta may work longer than 48 hours if they wish, but they cannot be forced to do so). [91]
Junior doctors in the European Union fall under the European Working Time Directive, which specifies: 48 working hours per week (down from 56 under the old UK regulations), calculated over a period of 26 weeks. 11 hours continuous rest per day; one day off each week, or two days off each fortnight; 20 minutes of continuous rest every 6 hours
The Working Time Regulations create a basic set of rights for the time people work, particularly 28 days paid holidays, a right to 20 minute paid breaks for each 6 hours worked, a right to weekly rest of at least one full 24 hour period, and the right to limit the working week to 48 hours.
Working hours in the UK are currently not limited by day, but by week, as first set by the Working Time Regulations 1998, [35] which introduced a limit of 40 hours per week for workers under 18, and 48 hours per week for over 18s. This was in line with the European Commission Working Time Directive of 1993.
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For instance, the first Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919 required a maximum of a 48-hour week, and has been ratified by 52 out of 185 member states. The UK ultimately refused to ratify the Convention, as did many current EU members, although the Working Time Directive adopts its principles, subject to individual opt-out.