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Pope Gregory X left Orvieto on 5 June 1273, and arrived in Lyons in the middle of November 1273. [26] Not all of the cardinals followed him. Pope Gregory notes in a letter to King Edward dated 29 November 1273 that Cardinal Riccardo Annibaldi and Cardinal Giovanni Orsini were still in Rome and had been ordered to find a secure place of ...
Apart from the lack of any documentary proof attesting the promotion of these individuals (in the case of Visconti even of his existence), the contemporary chronicler Salimbene explicitly says that the consistory of 1273 was the only single promotion of new cardinals in the pontificate of Gregory X, and mentions only five cardinals promoted at that time.
According to the later account created probably in the ecclesiastical circles of Piacenza and popularized by Franciscan historians, Cardinal Vicedomino de Vicedomini, bishop of Palestrina and (ostensibly) dean of the College of Cardinals, was elected pope on September 5 and took the name Gregory XI in honour of his uncle Gregory X, but he died within hours of his election, before it could be ...
He encouraged missionary activity abroad and condemned the slave trade, which at the time of his pontificate was increasingly suppressed. He is the most recent pope to take the pontifical name " Gregory ", the last to govern the Papal States for the whole duration of his pontificate, and the most recent not to have been a bishop when elected.
A year of three popes is a year when the College of Cardinals of the Catholic Church is required to elect two new popes within the same calendar year. [1] Such a year generally occurs when a newly elected pope dies or resigns very early into his papacy.
The papal deposing power was the most powerful tool of the political authority claimed by and on behalf of the Roman Pontiff, in medieval and early modern thought, amounting to the assertion of the Pope's power to declare a Christian monarch heretical and powerless to rule.
Pope Gregory XV (Latin: Gregorius XV; Italian: Gregorio XV; 9 January 1554 – 8 July 1623), born Alessandro Ludovisi, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 February 1621 until his death in 1623.
During the pontificate of his political enemy Gregory XIII (1572–1585), Cardinal Montalto, as he was generally called, lived in enforced retirement, occupied with the care of his property, [5] the Villa Montalto, erected by Domenico Fontana close to the cardinal's beloved church on the Esquiline Hill, overlooking the ancient Baths of Diocletian.