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The Italian composer Claudio Monteverdi (1567–1643) wrote several works for the stage between 1604 and 1643, including ten in the then-emerging opera genre. Of these, both the music and libretto for three are extant: L'Orfeo (1607), Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria (1640) and L'incoronazione di Poppea (1643).
Front cover of the 1609 published score of L'Orfeo. The early baroque opera L'Orfeo, composed by Claudio Monteverdi to a libretto by Alessandro Striggio the Younger, was first performed in 1607. It is Monteverdi's first opera, and one of the earliest in the new genre.
Stattkus, Manfred H. (1985–2006): Claudio Monteverdi: Verzeichnis der erhaltenen Werke. Stattkus-Musik, Bergkamen, Germany. Retrieved 18 July 2017. (in German) Whenham, John (2007): "The works of Monteverdi: catalogue and index" in Whenham, John and Wistreich, Richard: The Cambridge Companion to Monteverdi. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Frontispiece of Monteverdi's opera L'Orfeo, Venice edition, 1609. The opera opens with a brief trumpet toccata. The prologue of La musica (a figure representing music) is introduced with a ritornello by the strings, repeated often to represent the "power of music" – one of the earliest examples of an operatic leitmotif. [81]
L'Orfeo (SV 318) (Italian pronunciation: [lorˈfɛːo]), or La favola d'Orfeo [la ˈfaːvola dorˈfɛːo], is a late Renaissance/early Baroque favola in musica, or opera, by Claudio Monteverdi, with a libretto by Alessandro Striggio.
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The publisher was Ricciardo Amadino, [22] who had published Monteverdi's opera L'Orfeo in 1609. While the opera was published as a score , the Vespers music appeared as a set of partbooks . [ 24 ] It was published together with Monteverdi's mass Missa in illo tempore . [ 22 ]
1640 Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria (Monteverdi). Monteverdi's first opera for Venice, based on Homer's Odyssey, displays the composer's mastery of portrayal of genuine individuals as opposed to stereotypes. [3] 1642 L'incoronazione di Poppea (Monteverdi). Monteverdi's last opera, composed for a Venetian audience, is often performed today.