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The siege of Pensacola, fought from March 9 to May 10, 1781, was the culmination of Spain's conquest of West Florida during the Gulf Coast Campaign of the American Revolutionary War. [ 8 ] [ 1 ] The siege was commanded by Bernardo de Gálvez , whose nearly 8,000 troops ultimately overran the British forces in the region.
Its tattered remnants made their way back to either Havana or New Orleans, and planning began again for an expedition in 1781. British authorities in Pensacola had, when war with Spain was imminent, attempted to shore up West Florida's defenses, but the meager resources allocated to the region meant that General John Campbell, the military ...
Brown and the East Florida Rangers retreated from Augusta following the British defeat at the Battle of Kettle Creek in February 1779. [2] Brown and his militia unit, renamed the King's Carolina Rangers retook Augusta on June 8, 1780. [2] On 14 September 1780 Elijah Clarke and Patriot forces launched a surprise assault on British held Augusta. [3]
Spain captured all of British West Florida, culminating in the siege of Pensacola in 1781. France initially offered only naval support for the first few years after its declaration of war but in 1781 sent large numbers of soldiers to join General George Washington 's army and marched into Virginia from New York.
British West Florida was a colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain from 1763 until 1783, when it was ceded to Spain as part of the Peace of Paris. British West Florida comprised parts of the modern U.S. states of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida. Effective British control ended in 1781 when Spain captured Pensacola.
But on October 19, 1781, the British Army's defeat at the Siege of Yorktown led the British to conclude that the war was unwinnable, forcing them to forfeit the Thirteen Colonies in eastern North America in the Treaty of Paris, which they signed in 1783, though sporadic fighting continued for several additional years. [1]
A wrecked seagoing vessel discovered decades ago off the Florida Keys has recently been identified as a British warship that sank in the 18th century. National Park Service archaeologists used new ...
The British garrison nearest to Mobile was in West Florida's capital, Pensacola. The commander, General John Campbell , had under his command about 500 men, composed mostly of men from the 16th and 60th Regiments, but also including some Waldecker grenadiers and some provincial militia .