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Many spreadsheet, drawing, and desktop publishing programs allow you to create graphs and export them as images. gnuplot can produce a wide variety of charts and graphs; see samples with source code at Commons. In Python using matplotlib ; The R programming language can be used for creating Wikipedia graphs.
A handwritten spreadsheet. A basic estimating spreadsheet. Cost estimators used columnar sheets of paper to organize the take-off and the estimate itself into rows of items and columns containing the description, quantity and the pricing components. Some of these were similar to accounting ledger paper.
This template produces one row in a "family tree"-like chart consisting of boxes and connecting lines based loosely on an ASCII art-like syntax.It is meant to be used in conjunction with {{Tree chart/start}} and {{Tree chart/end}}.
These values are used to calculate an E value for the estimate and a standard deviation (SD) as L-estimators, where: E = (a + 4m + b) / 6 SD = (b − a) / 6. E is a weighted average which takes into account both the most optimistic and most pessimistic estimates provided. SD measures the variability or uncertainty in the estimate.
Many significance tests have an estimation counterpart; [26] in almost every case, the test result (or its p-value) can be simply substituted with the effect size and a precision estimate. For example, instead of using Student's t-test , the analyst can compare two independent groups by calculating the mean difference and its 95% confidence ...
Tree volume is one of many parameters that are measured to document the size of individual trees. Tree volume measurements serve a variety of purposes, some economic, some scientific, and some for sporting competitions. Measurements may include just the volume of the trunk, or the volume of the trunk and the branches depending on the detail ...
When stocking, a tree's basal area is measured. The basal area is a cross-sectional area of the stump taken about 4.5 feet (1.4 m) above the ground. [7] The equation for calculating the basal area of trees in a stand is Basal Area = 0.005454 DBH 2, where DBH is the diameter of the tree at the aforementioned measuring height. [7]
Girard form class is a form quotient calculated as the ratio of diameter inside bark at the top of the first 16 foot log to the diameter outside bark at breast height ().Its purpose is to estimate board-foot volume of whole trees from measurement of DBH, estimation of the number of logs, and estimation of the taper of the first log, based on the general relationships identified between the ...