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Tuffite should therefore contain more than half volcanic material. If rock contains more than 75% to 90% pyroclastic material, it is referred to as tuff. Some other, mostly older, sources state that tuffite may contain 10% to 50% volcanic material. [4] The adjective tuffitic is used for sediments containing less than 25% volcanic fragments.
Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption. Following ejection and deposition, the ash is lithified into a solid rock. [1] [2] Rock that contains greater than 75% ash is considered tuff, while rock containing 25% to 75% ash is described as tuffaceous (for example, tuffaceous sandstone). [3]
The KBS Tuff (Kay Behrensmeyer Site Tuff) is an ash layer in East African Rift Valley sediments, derived from a volcanic eruption that occurred approximately 1.87 million years ago (Ma). The tuff is widely distributed geographically, and marks a significant transition between water flow and associated environmental conditions around Lake ...
The Lava Creek Tuff covers an area of more than 7,500 km 2 (2,900 sq mi) centered around the caldera and has an estimated magma volume of 1,000 km 3 (240 cu mi). The fallout from the eruption blanketed much of North America, depositing as one of the most widespread air-fall pyroclastic layers, formerly known as the Pearlette type O ash bed in ...
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This interpretation of the deposition of the Green Tuff has been disputed, suggesting that it is an ignimbrite, and structures such as imbricate fiamme, observed in the Green Tuff, were the result of late stage primary viscous flow. [8] Similar structures observed on Gran Canaria had been interpreted as syn-depositional flow. [7]
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The Mesa Falls Tuff is a tuff formation produced by the Mesa Falls eruption that formed the Henry's Fork Caldera that is located in Idaho west of Yellowstone National Park. [1] It is the second most recent caldera forming eruption from the Yellowstone hotspot and ejected of 280 km 3 (67 cu mi) of material.