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  2. Magma chamber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magma_chamber

    A magma chamber is a large pool of liquid rock beneath the surface of the Earth. The molten rock, or magma, in such a chamber is less dense than the surrounding country rock, which produces buoyant forces on the magma that tend to drive it upwards. [1] If the magma finds a path to the surface, then the result will be a volcanic eruption ...

  3. Volcanic and igneous plumbing systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanic_and_igneous...

    Volcanic and igneous plumbing systems (VIPS) consist of interconnected magma channels and chambers through which magma flows and is stored within Earth's crust. [ 1] Volcanic plumbing systems can be found in all active tectonic settings, such as mid-oceanic ridges, subduction zones, and mantle plumes, when magmas generated in continental ...

  4. Magma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magma

    Magma is produced by melting of the mantle or the crust in various tectonic settings, which on Earth include subduction zones, continental rift zones, [5] mid-ocean ridges and hotspots. Mantle and crustal melts migrate upwards through the crust where they are thought to be stored in magma chambers [6] or trans-crustal crystal-rich mush zones. [7]

  5. ‘Be prepared for all outcomes’: Inside the saga of a ...

    www.aol.com/next-door-vesuvius-another-italian...

    The first — and potentially most dangerous — possibility is that it could be an “intrusion of magma coming from the magma chamber located about 8 kilometers deep,” De Natale said.

  6. Caldera - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caldera

    Caldera. A caldera (/ kɔːlˈdɛrə, kæl -/ [1] kawl-DERR-ə, kal-) is a large cauldron -like hollow that forms shortly after the emptying of a magma chamber in a volcanic eruption. An eruption that ejects large volumes of magma over a short period of time can cause significant detriment to the structural integrity of such a chamber, greatly ...

  7. Air sac - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_sac

    Air sac. Air sacs are spaces within an organism where there is the constant presence of air. Among modern animals, birds possess the most air sacs (9–11), with their extinct dinosaurian relatives showing a great increase [clarification needed] in the pneumatization (presence of air) in their bones. [1] Birds use air sacs for respiration as ...

  8. Israel shares video of cramped, bloody tunnel where hostages ...

    www.aol.com/news/israel-shares-video-cramped...

    Blood on the ground of a dark, cramped tunnel sealed by an iron door, bullets and a chess set are seen in a video released by the Israeli military of the passageway deep underground where it said ...

  9. Mercury could have an 11-mile underground layer of diamonds ...

    www.aol.com/mercury-could-11-mile-underground...

    At this time, the fledgling planet is believed to have had a crust of graphite, floating over a deep magma ocean. A team of researchers recreated that searing environment in an experiment, with a ...