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Deterministic vs. probabilistic (stochastic). A deterministic model is one in which every set of variable states is uniquely determined by parameters in the model and by sets of previous states of these variables; therefore, a deterministic model always performs the same way for a given set of initial conditions.
The objective of the stochastic scheduling problems can be regular objectives such as minimizing the total flowtime, the makespan, or the total tardiness cost of missing the due dates; or can be irregular objectives such as minimizing both earliness and tardiness costs of completing the jobs, or the total cost of scheduling tasks under likely arrival of a disastrous event such as a severe typhoon.
In 1976 Garey provided a proof [15] that this problem is NP-complete for m>2, that is, no optimal solution can be computed in deterministic polynomial time for three or more machines (unless P=NP). In 2011 Xin Chen et al. provided optimal algorithms for online scheduling on two related machines [ 16 ] improving previous results.
Deterministic node (corresponding to special kind of uncertainty that its outcome is deterministically known whenever the outcome of some other uncertainties are also known) is drawn as a double oval. Value node (corresponding to each component of additively separable Von Neumann-Morgenstern utility function) is drawn as an octagon (or diamond ...
deterministic actions, which can be taken only one at a time, and a single agent. Since the initial state is known unambiguously, and all actions are deterministic, the state of the world after any sequence of actions can be accurately predicted, and the question of observability is irrelevant for classical planning.
Monte Carlo simulations invert this approach, solving deterministic problems using probabilistic metaheuristics (see simulated annealing). An early variant of the Monte Carlo method was devised to solve the Buffon's needle problem , in which π can be estimated by dropping needles on a floor made of parallel equidistant strips.
Central subjects in probability theory include discrete and continuous random variables, probability distributions, and stochastic processes (which provide mathematical abstractions of non-deterministic or uncertain processes or measured quantities that may either be single occurrences or evolve over time in a random fashion). Although it is ...
In a discrete-time context, the decision-maker observes the state variable, possibly with observational noise, in each time period. The objective may be to optimize the sum of expected values of a nonlinear (possibly quadratic) objective function over all the time periods from the present to the final period of concern, or to optimize the value of the objective function as of the final period ...