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Vietnamese uses 22 letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabet.The 4 remaining letters aren't considered part of the Vietnamese alphabet although they are used to write loanwords, languages of other ethnic groups in the country based on Vietnamese phonetics to differentiate the meanings or even Vietnamese dialects, for example: dz or z for southerner pronunciation of v in standard Vietnamese.
Dương Văn Ngộ (Vietnamese: [jɨ̄əŋ vāŋ ŋôwˀ]; 3 March 1930 – 1 August 2023) was a Vietnamese postal worker and polyglot public letter writer known for being the longest-serving and last public letter writer and translator in Vietnam. During his three decades of work as a letter-writer, Ngộ wrote thousands of letters.
Chữ Nôm (𡨸喃, IPA: [t͡ɕɨ˦ˀ˥ nom˧˧]) [5] is a logographic writing system formerly used to write the Vietnamese language.It uses Chinese characters to represent Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary and some native Vietnamese words, with other words represented by new characters created using a variety of methods, including phono-semantic compounds. [6]
The following are the most common family names among Vietnamese, with their chữ Quốc ngữ spelling, and their corresponding Hán-Nôm characters, which are now obsolete. [4] The figures are from a 2022 study 100 họ phổ biến ở Việt Nam (100 Most Popular Surnames/Family Names In Vietnam) from the Vietnamese Social Science Publisher ...
The system was designed by Professor Chu Chao-hsiang, a member of the National Languages Committee in Taiwan, in 1946. [1] The system is derived from Mandarin Phonetic Symbols by creating additional symbols for the sounds that do not appear in Mandarin phonology.
The main Vietnamese term used for Chinese characters is chữ Hán (𡨸漢).It is made of chữ meaning 'character' and Hán 'Han (referring to the Han dynasty)'.Other synonyms of chữ Hán includes chữ Nho (𡨸儒 [t͡ɕɨ˦ˀ˥ ɲɔ˧˧], literally 'Confucian characters') and Hán tự [a] (漢字 [haːn˧˦ tɨ˧˨ʔ] ⓘ) which was borrowed directly from Chinese.
Chinese characters "Chinese character" written in traditional (left) and simplified (right) forms Script type Logographic Time period c. 13th century BCE – present Direction Left-to-right Top-to-bottom, columns right-to-left Languages Chinese Japanese Korean Vietnamese Zhuang (among others) Related scripts Parent systems (Proto-writing) Chinese characters Child systems Bopomofo Jurchen ...
Bopomofo is also used to transcribe other Chinese dialects, most commonly Taiwanese Hokkien and Cantonese, however its use can be applied to practically any dialect in handwriting (because not all letters are encoded). Outside of Chinese, Bopomofo letters are also used in Hmu and Ge languages by a small number of Hmu Christians. [8]