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In real property law, the term real covenants means that conditions are tied to the ownership or use of land. A "covenant running with the land", meeting tests of wording and circumstances laid down in precedent , imposes duties or restrictions upon the use of that land regardless of the owner.
The Adamic language, according to Jewish tradition (as recorded in the midrashim) and some Christians, is the language spoken by Adam (and possibly Eve) in the Garden of Eden. It is variously interpreted as either the language used by God to address Adam (the divine language ), or the language invented by Adam with which he named all things ...
The rule against perpetuities serves a number of purposes. First, English courts have long recognized that allowing owners to attach long-lasting contingencies to their property harms the ability of future generations to freely buy and sell the property, since few people would be willing to buy property that had unresolved issues regarding its ownership hanging over it.
This right of reversion was evaded by the interpretation that such a gift was a conditional fee, which enabled the donee, if he had an heir of the body born alive, to alienate the land, and consequently disinherit the issue and defeat the right of the donor. To remedy this the statute De donis conditionalibus was passed.
There are five basic conditions that must be met in order for there to be an effective real covenant and equitable servitude: It must be enforceable . To be enforceable it must not be too vague, it must not violate a statute or the constitution , it must not violate public policy, and it must meet the requirements under the statute of frauds .
The classical statements among 17th century continental theologians include Johannes Cocceius (c. 1603–1669) in The Doctrine of the Covenant and Testament of God (Summa doctrinae de foedere et testamento dei, 1648), Francis Turretin (1623–1687) in his Institutes of Elenctic Theology, and Hermann Witsius (1636–1708) in The Economy of the ...
A warranty deed can include six traditional forms of covenants for title, [1] sometimes known as the English covenants of title. [2] Those six traditional forms of covenants can be broken down into two categories: present covenants and future covenants. Present covenants. Covenant of seisin: "A covenant of seisin or good right to convey." [1] [3]
However, in general, the assignee has privity of estate with a lessor. With privity of estate comes the duty on the part of the assignee to perform certain obligations under covenant, e.g. pay rent. Similarly, the lessor retains the obligations to perform on covenants to maintain or repair the land.