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A long ton, also called the weight ton (W/T), [1] imperial ton, or displacement ton, is equal to: 2,240 pounds (1,016.0 kilograms; 1.0160 metric tons) exactly 12% more than the 2,000 pounds of the North American short ton, being 20 long hundredweight (112 lb) rather than 20 short hundredweight (100 lb) the weight of 35 cubic feet (0.991 m 3) [2 ...
At that time a "tun" was a wine container of 252 wine gallons, approx 210 imp gal (955 L) weighing about 2,240 lb (1,020 kg), a weight known today as a long ton or imperial ton. In order to estimate the capacity of a ship in terms of 'tun' for tax purposes, an early formula used in England was:
The table of imperial avoirdupois mass is the same as the United States table up to one pound, but above that point, the tables differ. The imperial system has a hundredweight, defined as eight stone of 14 lb each, or 112 lb (50.802 345 44 kg), whereas a US hundredweight is 100 lb (45.359 237 kg). In both systems, 20 hundredweights make a ton.
The 35.1 pounds is the 'theoretical" weight of the package if it had a density of 166 in 3 /lb or 10.4 lb/ft 3: (18 × 18 × 18) = 3.375 ft 3 × 10.4 lb/ft 3 = 35.1 lb. Note that for the USPS there are two different calculations for DIM weight: (L × W × H)/194 for domestic shipments and (L × W × H)/166 for international shipments.
To calculate the weight of the displaced water, it is necessary to know its density. Seawater (1,025 kg/m 3 ) is more dense than fresh water (1,000 kg/m 3 ); [ 5 ] so a ship will ride higher in salt water than in fresh.
The water ton is used chiefly in Great Britain, in statistics dealing with petroleum products, and is defined as 224 imperial gallons (35.96 cu ft; 1.018 m 3), [22] the volume occupied by 1 long ton (2,240 lb; 1,016 kg) of water under the conditions that define the imperial gallon.
[6] [7] In the United States, metric ton is the name for this unit used and recommended by NIST; [2] an unqualified mention of a ton typically refers to a short ton of 2,000 lb (907.2 kg) and to a lesser extent to a long ton of 2,240 lb (1,016 kg), with the term tonne rarely used in speech or writing.
Converting cubic tons (i.e., volumes) to measures of weight presents difficulties because organic materials such as timber vary in density. Approximate volume conversions, based on a timber cubic ton of 40 cubic feet: 1 ton (40 cubic feet) = 1.133 cubic metres; 1 cubic metre = 0.883 cubic tons (35.32 cubic feet)