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Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), also commonly called polyvidone or povidone, is a water-soluble polymer compound made from the monomer N-vinylpyrrolidone. [1] PVP is available in a range of molecular weights and related viscosities, and can be selected according to the desired application properties.
Nephrotoxicity is toxicity in the kidneys. It is a poisonous effect of some substances, both toxic chemicals and medications, on kidney function. [1] There are various forms, [2] and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity.
Povidone-iodine is a chemical complex of the polymer povidone (polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP) and triiodide (I − 3). [24] It is synthesized by mixing the PVP polymer with iodine (I 2), allowing the two to react. [25] It is soluble in cold and mild-warm water, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, and glycerol.
Kidney dialysis [a] is the process of removing excess water, solutes, and toxins from the blood in people whose kidneys can no longer perform these functions naturally. Along with kidney transplantation , it is a type of renal replacement therapy .
Fortunately, long-term data from organ donors has shown that their kidney function tends to remain stable and the risk of developing chronic kidney disease is only slightly higher than in those ...
Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (polyvinyl polypyrrolidone, PVPP, crospovidone, crospolividone, or E1202) is a highly cross-linked modification of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).. The cross-linked form of PVP is used as a disintegrant (see also excipients) in pharmaceutical tablets. [1]
Hemodialysis, also spelled haemodialysis, or simply dialysis, is a process of filtering the blood of a person whose kidneys are not working normally. This type of dialysis achieves the extracorporeal removal of waste products such as creatinine and urea and free water from the blood when the kidneys are in a state of kidney failure.
Renal replacement therapy includes dialysis (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis), hemofiltration, and hemodiafiltration, which are various ways of filtration of blood with or without machines. Renal replacement therapy also includes kidney transplantation, which is the ultimate form of replacement in that the old kidney is replaced by a donor ...