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Iconic memory is the visual sensory memory register pertaining to the visual domain and a fast-decaying store of visual information. It is a component of the visual memory system which also includes visual short-term memory [ 1 ] (VSTM) and long-term memory (LTM).
Research in Cognitive Psychology, Iconic Memory George Sperling (born 1934) [ 1 ] is an American cognitive psychologist , researcher, and educator. Sperling documented the existence of iconic memory (one of the sensory memory subtypes).
Iconic memory was the first sensory store to be investigated with experiments dating back as far as 1740. One of the earliest investigations into this phenomenon was by Ján Andrej Segner, a German physicist and mathematician.
Iconic memory is the visual part of the sensory memory system. Iconic memory is responsible for visual priming , because it works very quickly and unconsciously . Iconic memory decays very quickly, but contains a very vivid image of the surrounding stimuli.
Iconic memory is a fast decaying store of visual information, a type of sensory memory that briefly stores an image that has been perceived for a small duration. Echoic memory is a fast decaying store of auditory information, also a sensory memory that briefly stores sounds that have been perceived for short durations.
As with iconic memory, echoic memory only holds superficial aspects of sound (e.g. pitch, tempo, or rhythm) and it has a nearly limitless capacity. [16] Echoic memory is generally cited as having a duration of between 1.5 and 5 seconds depending on context [16] [17] [18] but has been shown to last up to 20 seconds in the absence of competing ...
Iconic memory relays visual information and echoic memory relays auditory information. [10] Both types of memory have an unlimited capacity, but have a very short duration; iconic memory lasts for 50-500 milliseconds and echoic memory lasts for 8–10 seconds.
Later research on short-term memory and working memory revealed that memory span is not a constant even when measured in a number of chunks. The number of chunks a human can recall immediately after presentation depends on the category of chunks used (e.g., span is around seven for digits, around six for letters, and around five for words), and even on features of the chunks within a category.