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The round led to the creation of WTO, and extended the range of trade negotiations, leading to major reductions in tariffs (about 40%) and agricultural subsidies, an agreement to allow full access for textiles and clothing from developing countries, and an extension of intellectual property rights.
The World Trade Organization's predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), was established after World War II in the wake of other new multilateral institutions dedicated to international economic cooperation – notably the Bretton Woods institutions known as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland [6] that regulates and facilitates international trade. [7] Governments use the organization to establish, revise, and enforce the rules that govern international trade in cooperation with the United Nations System .
March 1948 - Charter of the ITO signed but US Congress rejects it, leaving GATT as the only international instrument governing world trade. 1949 - Second GATT Round of trade talks held at Annecy, France. 1950 - Third GATT Round held in Torquay, England. 1956 - The Geneva Round completed in May 1956, resulting in $2.5 billion in tariff reductions.
The Marrakesh Agreement, manifested by the Marrakesh Declaration, was an agreement signed in Marrakesh, Morocco, by 123 nations on 15 April 1994, marking the culmination of the 8-year-long Uruguay Round and establishing the World Trade Organization, which officially came into being on 1 January 1995.
The original members of the World Trade Organization are the parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) after ratifying the Uruguay Round Agreements, [1] and the European Communities. They obtained this status at the entry into force on 1 January 1995 or upon their date of ratification.
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