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Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), also known as B-type natriuretic peptide, is a hormone secreted by cardiomyocytes in the heart ventricles in response to stretching caused by increased ventricular blood volume. [5] BNP is one of the three natriuretic peptides, in addition to atrial natriuretic peptide and C-type natriuretic peptide . [6]
N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP or BNPT) is a 76 amino acid long protein that is cleaved from the N-terminal end of the 108 amino acid long prohormone proBNP to release brain natriuretic peptide 32 (BNP, also known as B-type natriuretic peptide). [1] [2] [3] [4]
In addition, some values, including troponin I and brain natriuretic peptide, are given as the estimated appropriate cutoffs to distinguish healthy people from people with specific conditions, which here are myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure, respectively, for the aforementioned substances. [7] [8] [9]
Brain natriuretic peptide: BNP Peptide: heart [dubious – discuss] Cardiac myocytes: NPR (To a minor degree than ANP) reduce blood pressure by: reducing systemic vascular resistance, reducing blood water, sodium and fats. 19 Calcitonin: CT Peptide: thyroid gland: parafollicular cell: CT receptor → cAMP: Construct bone, reduce blood Ca 2+ 20 ...
The natriuretic peptide CNP was initially discovered in pig brain extracts. Most CNP is found in the brain, although it can also be found in chondrocytes and the blood vessel lining cells. The human gene for CNP (NPPC), in contrast to the genes for ANP and BNP, is located on chromosome 2 and consists of just two exons and one intron. [ 3 ]
Pro-brain natriuretic peptide: This is increased in patients with heart failure. It has been approved as a marker for acute congestive heart failure. Patients with < 80 have a much higher rate of symptom-free survival within a year. Generally, pt with CHF will have > 100.
Brain natriuretic peptide 32 (BNP) is another biomarker commonly tested for heart failure. [74] [6] [75] An elevated NT-proBNP or BNP is a specific test indicative of heart failure. Additionally, NT-proBNP or BNP can be used to differentiate between causes of dyspnea due to heart failure from other causes of dyspnea.
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