Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
In organic chemistry, hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an industrial process for the production of aldehydes (R−CH=O) from alkenes (R 2 C=CR 2). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This chemical reaction entails the net addition of a formyl group ( −CHO ) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond .
In 1953 evidence was disclosed that it is the active catalyst for the conversion of alkenes, CO, and H 2 to aldehydes, a process known as hydroformylation (oxo reaction). [12] Although the use of cobalt-based hydroformylation has since been largely superseded by rhodium-based catalysts, the world output of C 3 –C 18 aldehydes produced by ...
This metal carbonyl is used as a reagent and catalyst in organometallic chemistry and organic synthesis, and is central to much known organocobalt chemistry. [2] [3] It is the parent member of a family of hydroformylation catalysts. [4]
Often cross-coupling reactions require metal catalysts. One important reaction type is this: R−M + R'−X → R−R' + MX (R, R' = organic fragments, usually aryl; M = main group center such as Li or MgX; X = halide) These reactions are used to form carbon–carbon bonds but also carbon-heteroatom bonds.
The most commonly used catalyst is iron, often treated with sulfur, hydrogen sulfide, etc. to lower the melting point and facilitate its penetration into the pores of carbon and hence, to produce more growth sites. [2] Fe/Ni, Ni, Co, Mn, Cu, V, Cr, Mo, Pd, MgO, and Al 2 O 3 are also used as catalyst.
The structure illustrates terminal oxo, doubly-bridging oxo, triply bridging oxo, and six-fold bridging oxo ligands. A common reaction exhibited by metal-oxo compounds is olation, the condensation process that converts low molecular weight oxides to polymers with M-O-M linkages. Olation often begins with the deprotonation of a metal-hydroxo ...
This process interconverts propylene with ethylene and 2-butenes. Rhenium and molybdenum catalysts are used. Nowadays, only the reverse reaction, i.e., the conversion of ethylene and 2-butene to propylene is industrially practiced, however. [6] Shell higher olefin process (SHOP) produces (alpha-olefins) for conversion to detergents. The process ...
In a carbon monoxide atmosphere an autoclave is loaded with the catalyst (chlorosulfonic acid), dichloromethane and trioxane, then it is charged with carbon monoxide until a specific pressure is reached; the reaction is stirred and allowed to proceed at a temperature of about 180 °C for two hours. Upon completion the unreacted carbon monoxide ...