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Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), also commonly called polyvidone or povidone, is a water-soluble polymer compound made from the monomer N-vinylpyrrolidone. [1] PVP is available in a range of molecular weights and related viscosities, and can be selected according to the desired application properties.
PVPP is a highly cross-linked version of PVP, making it insoluble in water, though it still absorbs water and swells very rapidly generating a swelling force. This property makes it useful as a disintegrant in tablets. PVPP can be used as a drug, taken as a tablet or suspension to absorb compounds (so-called endotoxins) that cause diarrhea.
Povidone-iodine is a chemical complex of the polymer povidone (polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP) and triiodide (I − 3). [24] It is synthesized by mixing the PVP polymer with iodine (I 2), allowing the two to react. [25] It is soluble in cold and mild-warm water, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, and glycerol.
It is produced industrially by vinylation of 2-pyrrolidone, i.e. the base-catalyzed reaction with acetylene. [2] It is the precursor to polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), an important synthetic material. The NVP monomer is commonly used as a reactive diluent in ultraviolet and electron-beam curable polymers applied as inks, coatings or adhesives. [2]
o 2, o 2 both eyes "O 2" usually means oxygen or oxygen therapy: o.d. omni die: every day (once daily) (preferred to "qd" in the UK [10]) o.d. oculus dexter: right eye o can be mistaken as an a which could read "a.d.", meaning right ear, confusion with "omni die" o.m. omni mane: every morning omn. bih. omni bihora: every 2 hours omn. hor. omni ...
In polymer chemistry, suspension polymerization is a heterogeneous radical polymerization process that uses mechanical agitation to mix a monomer or mixture of monomers in a liquid phase, such as water, while the monomers polymerize, forming spheres of polymer. [2] The monomer droplets (size of the order 10-1000 μm) are suspended in the liquid ...
2–10 mg/wk or 5–20 mg every 2 wks Estradiol cypionate: Depo-Estradiol: Estrogen: IM, SC: 2–10 mg/wk or 5–20 mg every 2 wks Estradiol dipropionate: Agofollin: Estrogen: IM, SC: 2–10 mg/wk or 5–20 mg every 2 wks Estradiol benzoate: Progynon-B: Estrogen: IM, SC: 0.5–1.5 mg every 2–3 days Estriol: Ovestin [c] Estrogen: Oral: 4–6 ...
Modified-release dosage is a mechanism that (in contrast to immediate-release dosage) delivers a drug with a delay after its administration (delayed-release dosage) or for a prolonged period of time (extended-release [ER, XR, XL] dosage) or to a specific target in the body (targeted-release dosage).