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The Apennines [2] or Apennine Mountains (/ ˈ æ p ə n aɪ n / AP-ə-nyne; Ancient Greek: Ἀπέννινα ὄρη or Ἀπέννινον ὄρος; [3] Latin: Appenninus or Apenninus Mons – a singular with plural meaning; [4] Italian: Appennini [appenˈniːni]) [note 1] are a mountain range consisting of parallel smaller chains extending c. 1,200 km (750 mi) the length of peninsular Italy.
The Roman expansion in Italy covers a series of conflicts in which Rome grew from being a small Italian city-state to be the ruler of the Italian region.Roman tradition attributes to the Roman kings the first war against the Sabines and the first conquests around the Alban Hills and down to the coast of Latium.
' Flaminian Way ') was an ancient Roman road leading from Rome over the Apennine Mountains to Ariminum on the coast of the Adriatic Sea, and due to the ruggedness of the mountains was the major option the Romans had for travel between Etruria, Latium, Campania, and the Po Valley.
By this time Rome was a consolidated empire – in the military view – and had no major enemies. Roman armies occupied Spain in the early 2nd century BC but encountered stiff resistance. The Celtiberian stronghold of Numantia became the centre of Spanish resistance in the 140s and 130s BC. [57] Numantia fell and was razed to the ground in 133 BC.
The Sabines (US: / ˈ s eɪ b aɪ n z /, SAY-bynes, UK: / ˈ s æ b aɪ n z /, SAB-eyens; [1] Latin: Sabini ) were an Italic people who lived in the central Apennine Mountains (see Sabina) of the ancient Italian Peninsula, also inhabiting Latium north of the Anio before the founding of Rome.
Troops under Generalissimo Alexander Suvorov crossing the Alps in 1799, by Vasily Surikov Napoleon passing the Great St Bernard Pass, by Edouard Castres. The French historian Fernand Braudel, in his famous volume on Mediterranean civilisation, describes the Alps as "an exceptional range of mountains from the point of view of resources, collective disciplines, the quality of its human ...
Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise National Park, where we are standing, was founded in 1923 and protects the Apennine wolf, Apennine chamois (a type of antelope), gryphon vultures and the endemic Marsican ...
Hannibal led his Carthaginian army over the Alps and into Italy to take the war directly to the Roman Republic, bypassing Roman and allied land garrisons, and Roman naval dominance. The two primary sources for the event are Polybius and Livy , who were born c. 20 years and c. 160 years after the event, respectively. [ 2 ]