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In machine learning, a variational autoencoder (VAE) is an artificial neural network architecture introduced by Diederik P. Kingma and Max Welling. [1] It is part of the families of probabilistic graphical models and variational Bayesian methods .
The Variant Call Format or VCF is a standard text file format used in bioinformatics for storing gene sequence or DNA sequence variations. The format was developed in 2010 for the 1000 Genomes Project and has since been used by other large-scale genotyping and DNA sequencing projects.
PDF is a standard for encoding documents in an "as printed" form that is portable between systems. However, the suitability of a PDF file for archival preservation depends on options chosen when the PDF is created: most notably, whether to embed the necessary fonts for rendering the document; whether to use encryption; and whether to preserve additional information from the original document ...
Interactive Forms is a mechanism to add forms to the PDF file format. PDF currently supports two different methods for integrating data and PDF forms. Both formats today coexist in the PDF specification: [38] [53] [54] [55] AcroForms (also known as Acrobat forms), introduced in the PDF 1.2 format specification and included in all later PDF ...
An autoencoder is a type of artificial neural network used to learn efficient codings of unlabeled data (unsupervised learning).An autoencoder learns two functions: an encoding function that transforms the input data, and a decoding function that recreates the input data from the encoded representation.
In addition, machine learning has been applied to systems biology problems such as identifying transcription factor binding sites using Markov chain optimization. [2] Genetic algorithms , machine learning techniques which are based on the natural process of evolution, have been used to model genetic networks and regulatory structures.
where is the amplitude of Gaussian, = is exponent relaxation time, is a variance of exponential probability density function. This function cannot be calculated for some values of parameters (for example, =) because of arithmetic overflow.
The Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML) is a representation format, based on XML, for communicating and storing computational models of biological processes. [1] It is a free and open standard with widespread software support and a community of users and developers.