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Sea surface temperature (SST), or ocean surface temperature, is the water temperature close to the ocean 's surface. The exact meaning of surface varies according to the measurement method used, but it is between 1 millimetre (0.04 in) and 20 metres (70 ft) below the sea surface. For comparison, the sea surface skin temperature relates to the ...
Sea surface temperature (or ocean surface temperature) is the temperature of ocean water close to the surface. The exact meaning of surface varies in the literature and in practice. It is usually between 1 millimetre (0.04 in) and 20 metres (70 ft) below the sea surface. Sea surface temperatures greatly modify air masses in the Earth's ...
Bathymetry. Location. Southern Ocean. Coordinates. 90°S 0°E / 90°S 0°E / -90; 0. Part of. World Ocean. The International Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean (IBCSO) is a regional mapping initiative of the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO). IBSCO receives support from the Nippon Foundation – GEBCO Seabed 2030 ...
Thermohaline circulation (THC) is a part of the large-scale ocean circulation that is driven by global density gradients created by surface heat and freshwater fluxes. [1][2] The adjective thermohaline derives from thermo- referring to temperature and -haline referring to salt content, factors which together determine the density of sea water.
Projected global surface temperature changes relative to 1850–1900, based on CMIP6 multi-model mean changes. The IPCC Sixth Assessment Report defines global mean surface temperature (GMST) as the "estimated global average of near-surface air temperatures over land and sea ice, and sea surface temperature (SST) over ice-free ocean regions, with changes normally expressed as departures from a ...
The majority of ocean heat gain occurs in the Southern Ocean. For example, between the 1950s and the 1980s, the temperature of the Antarctic Southern Ocean rose by 0.17 °C (0.31 °F), nearly twice the rate of the global ocean. [15] The warming rate varies with depth. The upper ocean (above 700 m) is warming the fastest.
The Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean, [ 1 ][ note 4 ] comprises the southernmost waters of the world ocean, generally taken to be south of 60° S latitude and encircling Antarctica. [ 5 ] With a size of 20,327,000 km 2 (7,848,000 sq mi), it is the second-smallest of the five principal oceanic divisions, smaller than the Pacific ...
The conference was supported by Integrated Marine Biosphere Research (IMBeR) ICED and CLIOTOP, Southern Ocean Observing System (SOOS), Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research, and the Australian Antarctic Program to share science, enhance community input into design and planning of the MEASO, and to develop a work plan.