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The Four Horsemen c. 1496–98 by Albrecht Dürer, depicting the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. Woodcut is a relief printing technique in printmaking.An artist carves an image into the surface of a block of wood—typically with gouges—leaving the printing parts level with the surface while removing the non-printing parts.
Example of a 16th-century woodcut, Dürer's Rhinoceros, by Albrecht Dürer, 1515. In 15th- and 16th-century Europe, woodcuts were a common technique in printmaking and printing, yet their use as an artistic medium began to decline in the 17th century. They were still made for basic printing press work such as newspapers or almanacs.
The most commonly used graphic methods were woodcut, lithography, etching and silkscreen printing, and new techniques such as color aquatint were developed. [2] The offset printing also emerged, which revolutionized graphic art. Offset is a process similar to lithography, consisting of applying an ink on a metal plate, usually aluminum.
A common cause of holes in Japanese woodblock prints is the deathwatch beetle (Xestobium rufovillosum). These beetles were commonly found in wood used to build furniture in the Edo period. Woodblock prints that were stored on bookshelves, or other furniture infested with these beetles, also became infested themselves. [5]
Mixed-media prints may use multiple traditional printmaking processes such as etching, woodcut, letterpress, silkscreen, or even monoprinting in the creation of the print. They may also incorporate elements of chine colle, collage, or painted areas, and may be unique, i.e. one-off, non-editioned, prints.
A fragment of a dharani print in Sanskrit and Chinese, c. 650 – c. 670, Tang dynasty Replica of The Great Dharani Sutra, the oldest printed text in Korea, c. 704 – c. 751 The HyakumantÅ Darani, the oldest printed text in Japan, c. 770 Coloured woodcut Buddha, 10th century, China
The "Provincetown Print", a white-line woodcut print, was attributed to this group. Rather than creating separate woodblocks for each color, one block was made and painted. Small groves between the elements of the design created the white line. [3] Because the artists often used soft colors, they sometimes have the appearance of a watercolor ...
Battala woodcut prints were characterized by bold outlines, simplified forms, and dramatic compositions. Initially, artisan groups such as ironsmiths , coppersmiths , and gold - and silversmiths (including Kansaris, Shankharis, Swarnakars, and Karmakars) found employment in British-operated printing presses in Serampore and Calcutta.