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A quadruple jump or quad is a figure skating jump with at least four (but fewer than five) revolutions. [1] All quadruple jumps have four revolutions, except for the quadruple Axel, which has four and a half revolutions. The quadruple toe loop and quadruple Salchow are the two most commonly performed quads.
By the middle of the 20th century, they had graduated to double jumps. By the 1980s, the triple Lutz was the benchmark for men. Throughout the '80s, it was the triple Axel, though attempts at a quad were already being made. Finally, a quadruple jump became an essential element in the programs of many men in the '90s and into the new millennium.
The Axel jump, also called the Axel Paulsen jump for its creator, Norwegian figure skater Axel Paulsen, is an edge jump. [51] It is figure skating's oldest and most difficult jump. [18] [49] The Axel jump is the most studied jump in figure skating. [52] It is the only jump that begins with a forward takeoff, which makes it the easiest jump to ...
Skaters commonly perform a double or triple Axel, followed by a jump of lower difficulty in combination. [5] A double or triple Axel is required in the short program and an Axel is required in the free program for junior and senior single skaters in all ISU competitions. [6] The Axel jump is the most studied jump in figure skating.
Browning performing "Singin' in the Rain" in Art on Ice 2014Kurt Browning CM (born June 18, 1966) is a Canadian figure skater, choreographer and commentator.He is the first skater to land a ratified quadruple jump in competition.
The latest amendment, adopted by the ISU in June 2018, states that "of all triple and quadruple jumps only two can be executed twice" and "of the two repetitions only one can be a quadruple jump". [ 8 ] [ 9 ] The unofficial name of the rule refers to Elaine Zayak , who gained an athletic advantage by performing multiple double Axels and triple ...
She then completed a quadruple Lutz, a "much better" triple Axel, a triple loop, and "two excellent combinations—triple Lutz-triple toe loop and triple Lutz-Euler-triple Salchow". [30] She ended her program with a triple flip and earned three level-4 spins. [31] She earned a season's best score of 138.99 in the free skate and 203.10 overall.
Quadruple may refer to: 4-tuple, an ordered list of elements, with four elements; Quad (figure skating), a figure skating jump; Quadruple (computing), a term used as alternative for nibble in some contexts; Quadruple-precision floating-point format in computing; Multiple birth with four offspring; A term for winning four football trophies in a ...