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Dog communication refers to the methods dogs use to transfer information to other dogs, animals, and humans. Dogs may exchange information vocally, visually, or through smell. Visual communication includes mouth shape and head position, licking and sniffing, ear and tail positioning, eye contact, facial expression, and body posture.
A drawing by Konrad Lorenz showing facial expressions of a dog - a communication behavior. X-axis is aggression, y-axis is fear. Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli. [1] It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.
Most modern research on dog cognition has focused on pet dogs living in human homes in developed countries, a small fraction of the dog population. Dogs from other populations may show different cognitive behaviors. [17] Breed differences possibly could impact on spatial learning and memory abilities. [18]
“High-energy breeds may enthusiastically repeat obedience behaviors hundreds of times for a thrown tennis ball, while lower-energy dogs are typically more motivated by treats.” Have patience ...
In young dogs, urination can be a behaviour associated with submission. This occurs when eye contact is made between a dog and its owner, followed by the dog urinating in an attempt to gain approval. [18] Depending on the dog, breed, and environment, these actions can vary and are frequently instinctive.
Communication behaviors of dogs include eye gaze, facial expression, [137] [138] vocalization, body posture (including movements of bodies and limbs), and gustatory communication (scents, pheromones, and taste). Dogs mark their territories by urinating on them, which is more likely when entering a new environment.
In contrast, modern dog breeds are particular breed standards, sharing a common set of heritable characteristics, determined by the kennel club that recognizes the breed. The spread of modern dog breeds has been difficult to resolve because many are the product of the controlled breeding practices of the Victorian era (1830–1900).
Coren's book presents a ranked list of breed intelligence, based on a survey of 208 dog obedience judges across North America. [10] When it was first published there was much media attention and commentary in terms of both pros [11] and cons. [12] Over the years, Coren's ranking of breeds and methodology have come to be accepted as a valid description of the differences among dog breeds in ...