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Vitamin D 2, or ergocalciferol, is obtained from D 2 supplements or fortified food sources. [3] These two forms of vitamin D are metabolized in the liver and stored as 25-hydroxyvitamin D. [ 4 ] Before biological use, the storage form must be converted into an active form.
The natural, active form of vitamin D is calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol). This molecule and other naturally occurring forms of vitamin D, including its precursors and metabolites, have been modified to synthesize pharmaceuticals with potentially greater, or selective, therapeutic actions. [1] [2] [3] [4]
People who take vitamin D supplements before being admitted for intensive care are less likely to die than those who do not take vitamin D supplements. [49] Additionally, vitamin D levels decline during stays in intensive care. [50] Vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) or calcitriol given orally may reduce the mortality rate without significant ...
Vitamin D 3 supplementation has been tentatively found to lead to a reduced risk of death in the elderly, [79] [76] but the effect has not been deemed pronounced, or certain enough, to make taking supplements recommendable. [10] Other forms (vitamin D 2, alfacalcidol, and calcitriol) do not appear to have any beneficial effects concerning the ...
References range may vary with age, sex, race, pregnancy, [10] diet, use of prescribed or herbal drugs and stress. Reference ranges often depend on the analytical method used, for reasons such as inaccuracy , lack of standardisation , lack of certified reference material and differing antibody reactivity . [ 11 ]
Vitamin D deficiency: Usually asymptomatic, causes reduce bone density (osteomalacia), rickets, myopathy, and is associated with the development of schizophrenia. It is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in plasma, which is the most accurate measure of stores of vitamin D in the body ...
Multivitamins nutrition facts label showing that the international unit of, for example, vitamins D and E correspond to different gram values. In pharmacology, the international unit (IU) is a unit of measurement for the effect or biological activity of a substance, for the purpose of easier comparison across similar forms of substances.
Vitamin D toxicity, or hypervitaminosis D, is the toxic state of an excess of vitamin D. The normal range for blood concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in adults is 20 to 50 nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL).
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