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Water Scarcity in Africa: An Overview. Water scarcity is the condition where the demand for water exceeds supply and where available water resources are approaching or have exceeded sustainable limits. The problem of water scarcity in Africa is not only a pressing one but it is also getting worse day by day.
3 Key Facts About Water Scarcity in Africa: 1 in 3 African citizens are impacted by water scarcity. 400 million people in sub-Saharan Africa lack access to basic drinking water. Citizens in sub-Saharan Africa travel 30 minutes on average daily to access water. Who Is Most Affected and Why?
Polluted water sources are a huge issue needing urgent attention in Africa, where human activity such as farming, mining and deforestation, combined with inefficient infrastructure, corrupt governments and foreign industries operating without any accountability contribute to water pollution.
Water scarcity in Africa has several impacts. They range from health, particularly affecting women and children, to education, agricultural productivity and sustainable development. It can also lead to more water conflicts.
4.2 billion people now get water through a piped connection; 2.4 billion access water through other improved sources including public taps, protected wells and boreholes. 663 million people rely on unimproved sources, including 159 million dependent on surface water.
Current efforts underway to address water scarcity issues in Africa. Water investment is critical to help bring Africa’s people out of poverty. The World Health Organization reports that every $1 investment made into clean water efforts leads to $3-4 dollars generated in regional economies [3].
Climate change is undoubtedly the primary cause of water insecurity in Africa. Unpredictable weather patterns and intense weather events have left several communities grappling with water scarcity in African states, including South Africa, Kenya, Ethiopia, and Somalia.
By 2050, water demand in Sub-Saharan Africa is expected to skyrocket by 163% — 4 times the rate of change compared to Latin America, the second-highest region, which is expected to see a 43% increase in water demand.
Access to water remains a pervasive development issue across the continent, as a 2019 report by the World Resources Institute (WRI) revealed: Indeed, addressing climate change and poor management...
88% increase in household water insecurity from 5.6 million to 10.5 million. 38% increase in people in need from 14.5 million to 20 million. 37% increase in the number of severely wasted children admitted for treatment in Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia in the first quarter of 2022 compared to 2021.