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The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a widely used screening assessment for detecting cognitive impairment. [1] It was created in 1996 by Ziad Nasreddine in Montreal , Quebec . It was validated in the setting of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and has subsequently been adopted in numerous other clinical settings.
In 1971, Barry Pressman and Henry Burdick launched Nature Made, inspired by the belief that “there was a better alternative to long term health than prescription drugs.” [1] [2] The company joined the Council for Responsible Nutrition (CRN) in 1981. [2] Nature Made began operating as a brand of Pharmavite as of this date.
Pharmavite is an American vitamin and supplement company, based in West Hills, California and founded in 1971 by Barry Pressman and Henry Burdick. Its Nature Made vitamin brand was launched that same year. [2]
Vitamin C was discovered in 1912, isolated in 1928 and synthesized in 1933, making it the first vitamin to be synthesized. [172] Shortly thereafter Tadeus Reichstein succeeded in synthesizing the vitamin in bulk by what is now called the Reichstein process. [173] This made possible the inexpensive mass-production of vitamin C.
Vitamin C megadosage is a term describing the consumption or injection of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in doses well beyond the current United States Recommended Dietary Allowance of 90 milligrams per day, and often well beyond the tolerable upper intake level of 2,000 milligrams per day. [1]
Elmer Verner McCollum (March 3, 1879 – November 15, 1967) was an American biochemist known for his work on the influence of diet on health. [2] [3] McCollum is also remembered for starting the first rat colony in the United States to be used for nutrition research.
In the 1930s and 1940s, some scientific and clinical evidence suggested that there might be beneficial uses of vitamins C, E, and niacin in large doses. Beginning in the 1930s in Canada , a megadose vitamin E therapy for cardiovascular and circulatory complaints was developed by Evan Shute and colleagues, named the "Shute protocol". [ 15 ]
Recent studies have found that a lack of antioxidant micronutrients such as β-carotene, lycopene, other carotenoids, and vitamin C as well as the presence of aflatoxins may play a role in the development of the disease. [3] However, the exact cause of kwashiorkor is still unknown.