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2. Lapidary - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapidary

   Lapidary (from the Latin lapidarius) is the practice of shaping stone, minerals, or gemstones into decorative items such as cabochons, engraved gems (including cameos), and faceted designs. A person who practices lapidary techniques of cutting, grinding, and polishing is known as a lapidary or lapidarist.

3. Cut (gems) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cut_(gems)

   A gemstone desired to be used in jewelry is cut depending on the size and shape of the rough stone, as well as the desired piece of jewelry to be made. As a general rule, a cut gemstone will reduce the mass (in carats) by about 50%. [1] Among the several techniques used to work with gemstones are sawing, grinding, sanding, lapping, polishing ...

4. Gemstone - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone

   A few gemstones are used as gems in the crystal or other forms in which they are found. Most, however, are cut and polished for usage as jewelry. The two main classifications are as follows: Stones cut as smooth, dome-shaped stones called cabochons or simply cab. These have been a popular shape since ancient time and is more durable than ...

5. Stonesetting - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonesetting

   The proper way to set a channel is to cut a notch for each stone, but for cheaper production work sometimes a groove is cut along each channel. Since the metal can be very stiff and strong, a reciprocating hammer, similar to a jackhammer but jewelry sized, may be used to hammer down the metal, as it can be difficult to do by hand. The metal is ...

6. Facet - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facet

   Cutting and polishing diamonds in the Netherlands 1946. The art of cutting a gem is an exacting procedure performed on a faceting machine.The ideal product of facet cutting is a gemstone that displays a pleasing balance of internal reflections of light known as brilliance, strong and colorful dispersion which is commonly referred to as "fire", and brightly colored flashes of reflected light ...

7. Brilliant (diamond cut) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brilliant_(diamond_cut)

   The earliest diamond cutting techniques were simply to polish the natural shape of rough diamonds, often octahedral crystals. [1] Around the 1500s, polishing and cutting inventions made it possible to shape diamonds better, cut facets and make the stones sparkle more. [2] By 1750, a round cut called Old European cut had developed.