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7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-OH) is a terpenoid indole alkaloid from the plant Mitragyna speciosa, commonly known as kratom. [2] It was first described in 1994 [3] and is a human metabolite metabolized from mitragynine present in the Mitragyna speciosa. 7-OH binds to opioid receptors like mitragynine, but research suggests that 7-OH binds with greater efficacy.
The solubility of mitragynine from kratom in neutral-pH and alkaline water is very low (0.0187 mg/ml at pH 9). [20] The solubility of mitragynine in acidic water is higher (3.5 mg/ml at pH 4), however, this alkaloid can become unstable, so certain products, such as low-pH beverages, have a very short shelf life. [20]
[32] [11] [9] The alkaloids mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine are responsible for many of the complex effects of kratom, [11] [9] but other alkaloids may also contribute synergistically. [32] The effects of both mitragynine and 7-HMG remain disputed despite substantial study. Both are partial agonists of the μ-opioid receptor.
Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl is a rearrangement product of 7-hydroxymitragynine, an active metabolite of mitragynine. [ 1 ] Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl can be produced in the blood as a metabolite of 7-hydroxymitragynine.
Acute use (1–3 days) yields a potency about 1.5× stronger than that of morphine and chronic use (7 days+) yields a potency about 2.5 to 5× that of morphine. Similarly, the effect of tramadol increases after consecutive dosing due to the accumulation of its active metabolite and an increase of the oral bioavailability in chronic use.
7-Hydroxymitragynine; Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl This page was last edited on 21 March 2021, at 17:06 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons ...
It has an intrinsic activity between 99%-104% so we can say that 7-Hydroxymitragynine is a full agonist not a partial agonist like it was said before. The potency compared to morphine need to be revised too it's closer to 13 time the potency of morphine but with a far better oral bioavailability [ 1 ]
Poppy straw is first pulverized, then washed as many as six to ten or more times in water which may have an acid added to increase solubility, to produce poppy straw concentrate (PSC, also known as concentrate of poppy straw, CPS). Dried, the concentrate is a beige to brown powder.