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Significant joint spaces are: The normal glenohumeral space is 4–5 mm. [1] Supraspinatus outlet view X-ray, showing subacromial space measurement. The normal subacromial space in shoulder radiographs is 9–10 mm; this space is significantly greater in men, with a slight reduction with age. [2]
Scaphoid fractures are often diagnosed using plain radiographs and multiple views are obtained as standard. [9] However, not all fractures are apparent initially. [7] In 1/4 of cases, the clinical examination suggests a fracture, but the X-ray does not show it, even though there is indeed a fracture. [10]
The scaphoid can be slow to heal because of the limited circulation to the bone. Fractures of the scaphoid must be recognized and treated quickly, as prompt treatment by immobilization or surgical fixation increases the likelihood of the bone healing in anatomic alignment, thus avoiding mal-union or non-union. [6] Delays may compromise healing.
In the event of inordinate application of force over the wrist, this small scaphoid is likely to be the weak link [citation needed]. Scaphoid fracture is one of the most frequent causes of medico-legal issues. An anatomical anomaly in the vascular supply to the scaphoid is the area to which the blood supply is first delivered.
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X-ray images indicate scapholunate ligament instability when the scapholunate distance is more than 3 mm, which is called scapholunate dissociation. [7] A static scapholunate instability is generally readily visible, but a dynamic scapholunate instability can only be seen radiographically in certain wrist positions or under certain loading conditions, such as when clenching the wrist, or ...
This burst causes the scaphoid bone to dorsally rotate. [3] A gap of more than 3mm is pathognomonic for scapholunate dissociation. [4] The resulting separation between the scaphoid and lunate bones leaves a space on the x-ray that is similar to the gap comedian Terry-Thomas had between his front teeth.
The differential diagnosis includes scaphoid fractures and wrist dislocations, which can also co-exist with a distal radius fracture. Occasionally, fractures may not be seen on X-rays immediately after the injury. Delayed X-rays, X-ray computed tomography (CT scan), or Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can confirm the diagnosis. [citation needed]