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After such exercise, the muscle adapts rapidly to prevent muscle damage, and thereby soreness, if the exercise is repeated. [1] [2]: 76 Delayed onset muscle soreness is one symptom of exercise-induced muscle damage. The other is acute muscle soreness, which appears during and immediately after exercise.
Deconditioning is adaptation of an organism to a less demanding environment, or, alternatively, the decrease of physiological adaptation to normal conditions. Deconditioning can result from decreased physical activity , prescribed bed rest , orthopedic casting , paralysis , aging .
Physical therapy involves training the use of the affected limb or training the use of the body. This is for the purpose of retraining muscles after muscle atrophy, and retraining how to use the affected muscles with less amplified pain. Massage therapy is used to desensitize the affected area or body so it can build a tolerance to pain.
Post-exertional malaise (PEM) and exercise intolerance are common symptoms of post-acute infection syndromes. [5] Post-exertional malaise is a worsening of symptoms after minimal physical or mental activity, [6] and is a cardinal symptom of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). [7]
Tension myositis syndrome (TMS), also known as tension myoneural syndrome or mindbody syndrome, is a name given by John E. Sarno to what he claimed was a condition of psychogenic musculoskeletal and nerve symptoms, most notably back pain.
Vibration exposure is also associated with hand-arm vibration syndrome, which has symptoms of lack of blood circulation to the fingers, nerve compression, tingling, and/or numbness. [19] Recent epidemiological studies identify gender as a significant risk factor in occurrence of MSDs among workers in gender-related occupations, e.g. hairdressers .
Progress on treating stiff-person syndrome has been slow, Claudette noted, being that it is rare. "The vocal cords are muscles, and the heart is also a muscle," said Claudette.
The muscles of the face are usually spared, but in rare cases, the eye muscles may be weakened, leading to ophthalmoplegia. [8] Respiratory difficulties can be caused by atrophy of the muscles between the ribs (intercostals), atrophy of the diaphragm muscle, and degeneration of the nerve that stimulates the diaphragm (phrenic nerve). [8]