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  2. Sleeper wall - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleeper_wall

    Essentially it is a wall in the way that it is constructed but a sleeper in the way that it functions. Stretcher bond or header-stretcher bond can be used in these walls. sleeper wall can also refer to a retaining wall made from railroad ties. It is used to prevent erosion. It can be made from bricks or concrete blocks. The wall is often used ...

  3. Retaining wall - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retaining_wall

    As the setback of the wall increases, the size of the sliding wedge is reduced. This reduction lowers the pressure on the retaining wall. [4] The most important consideration in proper design and installation of retaining walls is to recognize and counteract the tendency of the retained material to move downslope due to gravity.

  4. Tieback (geotechnical) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tieback_(geotechnical)

    Typically in the form of a horizontal wire or rod, or a helical anchor, a tieback is commonly used along with other retaining systems (e.g. soldier piles, sheet piles, secant and tangent walls) to provide additional stability to cantilevered retaining walls. [1]

  5. Concrete sleeper - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_sleeper

    Old concrete sleepers can be used for things like retaining walls, else they might be crushed to recycle gravel and the steel reinforcing. [9] Special sleepers may be necessary on extremely sharp curves, such as the new triangle at Newmarket, New Zealand on the 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) gauge of radius 95 m (312 ft).

  6. Slurry wall - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slurry_wall

    Slurry wall design is undertaken based on bending moment and shear envelope obtained from the stress analysis. In the design of such underground walls, width of the unit is considered as one meter, and the wall is analyzed under plane strain condition. Since the length-to-width ratio of excavations is generally large, plane strain conditions ...

  7. Batter (walls) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batter_(walls)

    The term is used with buildings and non-building structures to identify when a wall or element is intentionally built with an inward slope. A battered corner is an architectural feature using batters. A batter is sometimes used in foundations, retaining walls, dry stone walls, dams, lighthouses, and fortifications. Other terms that may be used ...

  8. History of the railway track - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_railway_track

    The design varies considerably, but in many cases longitudinal timbers are supported directly on the cross-girders, with transoms and tiebars to retain the gauge, but of course with modern rails and base-plates or chairs. The longitudinal sleepers are somewhat similar to modern-day Ladder track.

  9. Wing wall - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wing_wall

    Wing walls can be classified according to their position in plan with respect to banks and abutments. The classification is as follows: Straight wing walls: used for small bridges, on drains with low banks and for railway bridges in cities (weep holes are provided). Splayed wing walls: used for bridges across rivers. They provide smooth entry ...